Showing posts with label Neoliberal. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Neoliberal. Show all posts

Tuesday, February 7, 2012

The Iron (Yet Oddly Infirm) Lady...


So, I just finished watching Meryl Streep in “The Iron Lady.” 




As always, I cannot say enough good about the divine Meryl Streep—I have loved her performances in practically everything she’s done, and this is no exception. Indeed, her physicality in “The Iron Lady” made me honestly forget from time-to-time that she was not an 86 year old woman.

Yet, regarding the movie itself, I cannot help but cry out: “You’re a walking lie; and I can see right THROUGH you!”







Please note that I’m about to start discussing spoilers from the film, so, if you haven’t seen it yet, you might want to avoid the rest of this post…



“[Margaret Thatcher] made popular a host of right-wing prejudices and homilies such as comparing government expenditure to household spending, and denying the logic of Keynesian economics, stating that governments could not spend their way out of recession...Across the Atlantic, Ronald Reagan used a similar, simple language to mark a new era of government. Each sought to reconfigure the state, getting out of welfare and macroeconomic management while pouring public resources into defence, security and foreign affairs.”  ~ Gerry Hassan and Anthony Barnett, Breaking out of Britain’s Neo-Liberal State (2009)

There are two different stories being told in “The Iron Lady:” 

The first story—and the one I feel the creators want us to pay closest attention to—is that of an older woman. In the here-and-now (2011), she is seen as merely a shadow of her former self, plagued by dementia and grief-stricken over the loss of her husband (Denis) some eight years prior. This woman’s worried daughter (Carol), personal assistant(?), and absentee son (Mark) all conspire to keep her—once Britain’s first female Prime Minister—out of the public eye, while the ‘ghost’ of her dead husband follows her around and reminds her of bygone moments in her life.


The story of an older woman...


The second story—the ‘B-story,’ if you will—is more-or-less that of Margaret Thatcher’s political career. It follows her inculcation in conservative politics through her father (a lapsed liberal, more or less), touches upon her time at Oxford (where she met Denis), and glosses almost entirely over her time as a lawyer, an MP, Education Secretary, and Leader of the Opposition—i.e., approximately 26 years of her life. 

What we instead receive is a rose-colored—no, I won’t go that far—salmon-colored version of Thatcher’s time as Prime Minister. Audiences receive glimpses of the troubling Brixton Riots (1981), the divisive and socially-explosive miners’ strike (1984-85), and even a somewhat longer look at the militarized re-occupation of the Falklands (1982). But, by the end, these issues are set aside and audiences are nonetheless still left with hints at economic prosperity as a result of Thatcher’s “hard medicine,” neoliberal policies.


Thatcher (Streep) approaches No. 10 as Prime Minister

“…the core twin principles of Thatcher’s regime: the intensification of centralised executive authority and the cultivation of an elite order at ease with a politics focused on winners, wealth and corporate logic—a neo-liberal regime.” ~ Gerry Hassan and Anthony Barnett, Breaking out of Britain’s Neo-Liberal State (2009)

Okay, so just like there are two stories going on in “The Iron Lady,” I have two reactions:

My first reaction: If I allow myself to parse-out the narrative about the older woman coping with loss and our cultural treatment of the longer-lived* (thereby eliminating the problems of Thatcherism all together), then I have to say ‘kudos’ to the creators for a decent effort. 

The opening scene in the convenience store represents our collective intolerance, and the invisibility of the aged (especially women). Likewise, the scenes with the older woman’s children and assistant demonstrate the way we infantilize those of an advanced age because we assume they are mentally deficient and incapable of taking care of themselves—’cause, God knows, we can’t be bothered to actually talk to them, and find out what they’re thinking and feeling! 


He cuts her off without even seeing her...

In essence, “The Iron Lady’s” primary narrative showcases our cultural view of the elderly as a problem that we don’t quite no how to deal with (and so we don’t). Nonetheless, in the end, the film’s creators problematize that cultural assumption by having the older woman take a dose of her own “hard medicine” and send her husband’s ghost packing—literally!—thereby challenging the audience’s assumptions about her ineptitude and feebleness. 


Denis is sent off...

My second reaction: By juxtaposing Thatcher’s pernicious premiership against the dominant cultural assumptions UK/US cultures makes about longer-lived women, the film’s creators have attempted to make Thatcher’s actions (and, by extension, her neoliberal policies) seem relatively non-threatening in the grand-scheme of things. 

Similarly, by playing to ideologically-rooted—and emotionally-ladden—myths of (grand-)motherness, as well as our collective sympathies (to the extent that they exist) for the mentally infirm, audiences are left actually rooting for and excusing the actions of a woman whose tenure in office was marked by greater attention to corporate interests than the proverbial ‘little guy.’




(This is not to say that I was so distracted by such coded messages that I fell fully into the creators’ trap; but, I confess, there were times where I found myself thinking “Aww, she wasn’t so bad, really”—at which point I would promptly slap myself in the face and come back to my senses!)

So, yeah: all-in-all, there were definitely some problems with “The Iron Lady.” 

Was it worth watching? Sure. I’m a huge Meryl Streep fan, and I cannot deny that she does a remarkable job assuming the role of former PM Margaret Thatcher. Also, the makeup was superb, and what I have referred to throughout as the ‘A-story’ is very (bitter-)sweet. 


Thatcher at the Doctor's
 
I would simply caution viewers to be careful that they don’t get so swept-up in our society’s culturally-rooted ideas about age, gender, and disease, that they forget the social- and economic-reality of Thatcher’s problematic premiership.

* I think I’m reasonably safe in assuming that today’s British culture treats longer-lived persons in roughly the same way as modern US American culture.

Monday, February 6, 2012

Yesterday in Culture: US Edition


So, yesterday was the annual US American tradition of gathering around yon television to watch commercials.

Don’t get me wrong, there’s a bit more to it than that: some viewers—namely of the heterosexual male breed—tune in to watch a bunch of savage barbarians beat the tar out of one another. They call this event a ‘Super Bowl.’ Being a slightly more intelligent and civilized chap, I don’t quite get the appeal. From what I gather, however, the objective is to chase down a black-and-white checked pig, kick it through a hoop or net of some type, and then run around the bases before the opposing team’s mascot gives you a strike. At some point while this is all going on, spectators are supposed to divert their attention to a bunch of adorable puppies yapping about which is better: beer that has more taste, or less filling? 

As I said, though, the main purpose of this sporting…spectacle is to celebrate America’s status as a consumerist, capitalistic culture that supports 1% of the population while ensuring that the other 99% of us can’t even afford basic human rights like, y’know, healthcare!

Of course, none of that matters as long as we don’t actually think about it, right? 

As long as we just sit back, and mindlessly consume approximately 60 full minutes of audience-directed marketing, then we’ll all be happy because we don’t have to consider pesky ethical details like the fact that last night's MVP, Eli Manning, earns approximately $16,000,000 (USD) per year for being able to throw a fucking ball, whereas the average citizen of the Democratic Republic of Congo earns just $120 (USD) per year.

But I digress…

The ‘Super Bowl’ has admittedly given us some pretty memorable commercials over the years. For instance, who could forget Apple’s Macintosh ad that riffed on Orwell's 1984? Or Snickers’ humorageist Betty White and hysexistcal Aretha Franklin commercials?

I surely couldn’t!

And last night, they did it again, this time courtesy of MetLife Insurance. (See what I did there? I brought it back ’round to the whole healthcare thing.) 




Now, as you can see, this particular advertisement features some pretty well-known animated figures owned by Warner Brothers (either directly or through subsidiaries)... 

But then there’s also these two:

Captures Courtesy of James Eatock

Now, the question becomes, why are they featured in this advertisement? Is it just good ol’ fun, meant to bring a knowing smile to former fans of He-Man and his fearless friend, Battle-Cat? Or is there more to it?

Let me back up a moment and explain some things—and, no, this has nothing to do with my time abroad, but since I have the platform I’m going to use it to talk about a topic near and dear to my heart: Masters of the Universe (MOTU).

In 1982, Mattel—the makers of Barbie and Hot Wheels—introduced a new 6” toyline called “Masters of the Universe.” The minicomics that came with the original series told of a medieval world (Eternia) wherein science and sorcery merged seamlessly. At the center of this world stood an ancient fortress called Castle Grayskull; and, according to Eternian mythology, (s)he who rules Grayskull also rules Eternia. 

Enter: Skeletor, an extra-dimensional warlord from Infinitia determined to claim that castle as his own (with the added benefit of taking Tee-La, the warrior goddess, as his bride). Also enter: He-Man, a barbarian jungle warrior entrusted with a magical sword and harness by an (occasionally) different goddess figure, and fated to be Eternia’s true king one day. (And husband of Tee-La—duh!) 


From "The Vengeance of Skeletor," courtesy of He-Man.Org

From "He-Man and the Power Sword," courtesy of He-Man.Org


As a rule, the Eternians were safe thanks to He-Man and his friends. But something was happening here on Earth that muddied the waters a little. (And, no, I’m not talking about the controversial fact that DC Comics decided to position He-Man as a bi-terrestrial character—his mother, now Eternia’s queen, was apparently from Earth.)


"To Tempt The Gods" (DC Comics' MOTU Series, Part 1 of 3, p. 4)

No, the real danger was US President Ronald Reagan's neoliberal policies. With help from Mark S. Fowler—his flunky at the FCC—Reagan started dismantling the FCC’s power to regulate certain types of marketing.

Suddenly, Mattel—and others, to be sure—found itself able to market directly to children in ways that it had never been able to do before. Enter: the half-hour toy commercial (a.k.a. modern cartoons), ensuring that He-Man and his friends would be duking-it-out with the forces of evil five days a week!



Image Courtesy of He-Man.Org


From 1983-1985 (and then afterward courtesy of repeats), Mattel—through Filmation—brought the adventures of He-Man and the Masters of the Universe into the homes of boys and girls across the Western world. But, being capitalists at heart, the big bosses at Mattel realized there was more to the children’s market than just little boys!

Enter: She-Ra, the Princess of Power (POP) and He-Man’s twin sister—and a toyline that was, from the bosses’ perspective, aimed at girls. (This latter fact is highly debatable, as there are many boys who collected the POP toys, just as there were girls who collected the MOTU toys.) The initial She-Ra series ran from 1985-1987, but, like its sibling-show, continued afterwards through repeats.

The MOTU mythos relaunched itself again—accompanied by fresh toylines—in 1990(-1991) and 2002(-2004), and the property even saw a live-action movie produced in 1987 courtesy of Warner Brothers.

Supported by an active fan-community (and yet another toyline, now in its fourth year), the MOTU property has been with fans almost constantly for the last 30 years. And, rumor has it, that Mattel plans to make the property’s 30th spectacular.




Not only is there brand new artwork and other collectibles, but references by Mattel officials to big and exciting things down the road  Could that include a new MOTU cartoon, which what we see in the MetLife commercial is a preview of? Fans like myself are certainly hoping so! 

Now I want to move on to the other big story from yesterday’s baseball match, or whatever it was: the half-time show.

One word: Madonna.

Another word: Awesome.

Rumor has it, the Material Girl pulled her hamstring right before the show, but that didn’t stop her from putting on a great performance, which included bits from fan-favorites “Vogue,” “Music,” and “Like a Prayer.” (NB: Those individual links take you to my favorite versions of each song!)

Yet, as much as I love Madge (excepting her acting ‘abilities’), I’m not here to talk about her performance. Rather, I want to talk about her wardrobe choice.

For your convenience, I’ve embedded her performance last night. You don’t have to watch the whole thing, but, at the very least, watch her during the opening (“Vogue”) segment, and pay special attention to her ensemble:





It didn’t take long for me—and numerous others—to drop our jaws when we saw her. “What’re you lookin’ at?” you may join the immaculate Madonna in asking. The answer is, first and foremost, her headdress. Next it’s her golden cape. And then the rest.

Almost immediately, my stateside MOTU/POP-friends went to the Facebook store and started posting comparison images like the one seen here:


The Material Princess?

That’s right: we were comparing her to She-Ra. (See, I really do try to make these posts come full-circle!) 

And I agreed initially, but it didn't take long for me (and others, to be fair) to realize that the comparison was close but still a touch off…

And then I (we) remembered the Bubble-Power She-Ra variant from the original and MOTUC toylines:


Image Courtesy of Fwoosh
Left: Original Bubble-Power She-Ra Art by Nightwing / Right: Bubble-Power Madonna?

 Perfect comparison!

Now, do I think the homage was intentional? No. 

Would I love to find out that She-Who-Must-Not-Act-Again and Mattel planned this whole thing out as part of the MOTU 30th Anniversary celebration? Abso-freakin-lutely!

All right, kiddies, I think I’ve blathered on enough about all of this. I could go on and on—I haven’t even touched upon the various ideologies MOTU and POP viewers were inculcated with over the last three decades!—but I won’t.

Besides, I need to start writing my next entry, which is a look at part of the UK’s culture happening this very day…

Saturday, January 28, 2012

The Classes...


Happy weekend, everyone!

Well, classes started for me this week. Since that’s the main reason I’m in London, I should probably say something about it, don’t you think? So, below I’ll provide an initial glimpse into each of the modules (courses) I’m taking. No other updates in this post—I'll create a separate post for that stuff in a bit. 

In the meantime:

“Cultural Politics: Power and Social Change” (Thursdays; 9:00 AM-12:00 PM GMT): This module is one of the ones I was required to take—it’s the equivalent of a first-year, post-introductory course. Co-taught by SM and DS,

“[t]he aim of this module is to introduce key ways of understanding power and the technologies through which it is expressed and distributed, and then to put these theoretical ideas into practice by analyzing contemporary instances of cultural politics.

Our interest throughout will be with the question of cultural change, and the possibilities for resistance.

How does change take place and what is the role of technologies in social change? Who has power in our cultures and how does it work?

At the end of the module you will be expected to have an understanding of the different ways in which key theorists in Cultural Studies have understood power and its origins, and be able to undertake different kinds of analysis of cultural politics.” ~ module guide (a.k.a. syllabus). 

As I noted above, it’s fairly similar to a first-year course, and there are the obligatory readings form Gramsci, Althusser, Foucault (YAY!), and Marx...

I love Michel Foucault!
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Now, let me digress (read: rant) for just a moment about that reading list:

I loathe—positively detest; hate; venomously dislike; would rather have a root-canal—reading Marx! Don’t get me wrong; I don’t have a problem per se with what he’s saying. I just hate READING his work (well, the English translations at least).

In some ways, Marx is almost like Tolkien, in that he takes four or five pages to spit out an idea that could have been said in one very short, very concise blurb. And, what’s worse, whereas Tolkien was at least describing ostensibly epic scenery—something to spark the imagination—over those many, many pages, Marx goes on-and-on about labor and value and commodity. Since such matters are already something I’m not overly interested in analyzing personally, the excessive page-counts that are part-and-parcel of Marx-related readings does not make me like him any more. (NB: I'm not saying the issues Marx raises aren't important issues to be explored—they're just beyond my ability to analyze.)

And, finally, I just have to say that, personally, the readings during the first two or three weeks of Cultural Studies-related classes are always my least favorite. Why? C’mon, surely you’ve guessed by now—it’s because they’re always related to Marx! As much as I love and respect my CS instructors, I think there’s a stipulation in the contracts they sign—both in the US and the UK, apparently—that they must all devote the first few weeks to my German foe. (Not that I wish to see him eliminated from the curriculum altogether, of course—it’s just that, if I had my druthers, someone more exciting, like Foucault, would come first.)

Alas, it appears I've taken a page from one of his manuscripts, and written too much. Let me put it this way: this is what my brain feels like after reading Marx...


End rant…

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My second class:

“Culture, Power and Resistance in the Twenty-First Century” (Thursdays; 1:00 PM – 4:00 PM GMT): This is the only class I’m taking that wasn’t required by Columbia’s agreement with UEL. Taught by JG and DS,

“[i]n this module we will look at some of the most important trends and processes which are shaping the world today, and useful ways of understanding them.

In particular we will pay attention to new forms of power, as well as asking what radical culture and politics might look like in the postmodern age of global neoliberal hegemony.

In many ways the current era is one which problematizes older ideas about where political divisions lie: the old conflicts between capitalism and socialism, between liberalism and conservatism, between traditionalism and modernism have been replaced by a complex set of antagonism which are still unfamiliar in many ways.

Here we will try to get a sense of just what is at stake in these momentous shifts. We will pay particular attention to the effects of the neoliberal program on global—and particularly British—society and culture, and at the potential for resistance to this program in the years to come.” ~ module guide

Barack Obama (D) Barack Obama (nL)

It all sounds very interesting. From what I gather, this is the equivalent of something between Columbia’s “Methods of Inquiry” and “Capstone” classes. While there is a heavy focus on neoliberalism in this class, there also seems to be a focus on gender-issues (e.g., one of the prompts for our final work is “Has neoliberalism impacted men and women differently?")—this fact should help immensely with my Women & Gender Studies minor.
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Please pardon the interruption as I offer-up another side-note:

It appears that the only graded assignments for our classes over here are two papers in each class—one that is the equivalent of a midterm essay, and the other a final essay. No weekly reading checks, no tests—just two papers. (Which is both exciting and a bit scary.)

End interruption.

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Now we come to the final class:

“Realism, Fantasy & Utopia” (Fridays; 9:00 AM-12:00 PM GMT): This is the other required class I’m taking—and I’m glad I am! It sounds fascinating! Also taught by DS,

“[t]he aim of this module is to provide an introduction to concepts of realism and test them against what are generally thought of as 'unreality' or 'fantasy'.

We will be questioning what counts as 'truth' and 'knowledge' and exploring the role of utopian fictions in cultural critique.

The main objective of the module is to encourage and enable students to develop a critical understanding of the political interests underscoring historical and contemporary debates about the ‘representation of the real’ in diverse social and cultural practices.” ~ module guide

Sounds like fun, doesn’t it?

Based on the first session of each module alone, I think this will wind up being my favorite. As a sample: DS started off by showing us this three-minute video:

"The Cave: An Adaptation of Plato's Allegory in Clay"



After watching the above, DS split us into groups of two and posed the following questions:

1)    What kinds of thoughts will the prisoners be having about the one how has ‘seen the light’?
2)    How will they react to him after he has failed to convince them of his experiences?

Suffice to say, it lead to some interesting and thought-provoking discussion. 

(If you're interested, my response was that, according to the parable as it was told, the prisoners were incapable of truly seeing or hearing their friend, so they wouldn’t have had a reaction—he was no more than a continuation of the shadowy tapestry they see day-in-and-out. But, if they, in fact, COULD understand what he was saying, then they would either have resented his taunting them with images of an outside world they would never see, or they would have simply ignored him because they couldn’t possibly grasp what he was describing anyway.)

What do you think, dear readers? Comment away….

Other topics to be covered during the module (both separately and together): feminism, gender, and sci-fi. Hellz yeah!


One of my favorite villains ever! And Patrick Stewart. Yummy!

Well, that’s the scoop with my modules. I’ll be back in a bit with another update—one about the non-academic stuff.

Oh, oh, oh! But, before I go, another culture shock moment: they don’t use (American-sized) printing paper at UEL. Nope, it’s all 11.7 x 8.3 in. Somewhat problematic in terms of my organizational methods—how the heck is that gonna fit nicely in my notebook?